This study investigates the impact of bacterial biofilms on the progression of fibrous plaques associated with atherosclerosis, particularly focusing on biofilm-induced inflammation (FP-I). A comprehensive atherosclerotic model was developed, revealing that biofilms significantly alter macrophage behavior by promoting a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, marked by increased CD80 expression. The presence of biofilms also correlated with an increase in lipid droplets and foam cell formation, suggesting a role in lipid metabolism. Furthermore, biofilms were found to impair the structural integrity of fibrous plaques by reducing collagen I production in myofibroblasts and promoting their apoptosis. These changes contribute to increased fibrous plaque instability and a higher risk of thrombosis. The findings highlight the unique role of biofilm-related inflammation in exacerbating fibrous plaque damage and provide a foundation for future mechanistic studies and preclinical evaluations of combination drug therapies targeting biofilms in atherosclerosis.
For more info, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.028
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